To date, there is no reliable method of diagnosis, which would give one hundred percent result with respect to pathogens of the disease and the degree of process activity.Compared to other methods, a blood test for parasites is the most accurate.Only in this way can information be obtained about the presence of a particular microorganism, regardless of the cycle of its vital activity from the formation of the egg and the larva to an adult.
Why is the accurate diagnosis of helminths important?Almost all antiparasitic agents presented on the pharmaceutical market have a wide range of activity in connection with different groups of worms.
However, the treatment period differs, depending on the type of disease, can be from 1 day to several months.At the same time, the Helmintters affect the work of the entire human body.
Their development is accompanied by such physiological changes as:
- Desensitization (constant allergic reaction).
- Resistant lack of vitamins and various elements.In parasitic invasion, the structure of epithelial intestinal cells is damaged, as a result of the absorption of various nutrients is impaired.
- Changes in the hormonal background.
- Holy disorders (this is also reflected in the usual blood test).Increasing vascular permeability.
- The development of chronic digestive pathologies (liver and biliary tract disease, inflammation of the pancreas, intestines), endocrine (diabetes), bronchopulmonary (bronchial asthma) system.
- Exacerbation of allergic diseases.
- Emotional disorders (chronic fatigue, irritability, mood, insomnia, constant alarming, pathological hyperactivity).
- Exercise to the difficult course of diseases caused by viruses and infections due to immunodeficiency.
Confirmation of the diagnosis by a blood test from Vein on parasites is also recommended when specific symptoms of helminthiasis occur.Let's focus on the most common.Possible infection with Pinworms (enterobiosis) is demonstrated by itching in the area of the anus, which is significantly increasing in the evening and night.Its intensity depends on the power of the invasion.Sometimes it is not limited to the anus, but applies to external genitals.Continuous collection can cause infectious complications.
The invasion of Blazothale is accompanied by general malaise, increased fatigue, pain in the right iliac region, diarrhea is constantly replaced by constipation, sometimes blood stone in the stool.Strrodosis continues with constant temperature fluctuations, chest rashes, buttocks, abdomen, lower back and thighs, stench diarrhea (up to 7 times a day).
Signs of trichinosis are symptoms of acute intoxication, swelling of the face, severe muscle pain.It is dangerous to beat almost all internal organs and the central nervous system.Toxocariasis is also characterized by a nocturnal dry cough.Sometimes toxocar larvae enter the brain with blood flow.In this case, the patient may have convulsive seizures and other neurological symptoms.
Almost all parasites are characterized by a set of clinical signs consisting of:
- abdominal pain and roaring;
- nausea, less often - vomiting;
- stool disorders;
- flatulence;
- Allergic manifestations.
At present, the most common method for diagnosing helminthiasis is a serological immunosorbent blood test for the detection of parasites.The decoding of this study is based on the detection of certain antibodies that are obtained in response to antigens of a foreign microorganism.
The advantage of immunoformal analysis (ELISA) is its flexibility.Such a technique is applicable to the diagnosis of worms in both adults and a child.Treatment with various drugs has no significant effect on the results.The only thing that can affect the production of antibodies is the state of immunodeficiency.In addition, this blood test for parasites is exhaustive, that is, several pathogens can be identified at the same time
How to check for parasites, what tests to be undertaken, preparing for research
How to check the parasites, what tests can be given in the clinical and diagnostic center.Now they offer many complicated diagnostics packages that include research on all ordinary helminths and protozoa.His behavior does not require special training.
But in order to get reliable results, doctors recommend that they do not eat 8-10 hours before analysis, the blood of the morning strictly on an empty stomach in the morning.In addition, they are advised to refrain from fat and sweet foods, alcohol.Stress, intense exercise should be avoided.If the use of medicines falls in the early time, you should transfer it for several hours and drink it after the analysis.
The blood fence is made of vein.1-3 ml is sufficient for the study.Then the nurse asks to bend the arm in the elbow and stay in this position for 10-15 minutes.This is necessary to prevent the formation of bruising.The result will be ready in 3-5 days.
In the medical literature, the IFA methodology is described by a specific terminology that is simply incomprehensible to a person without appropriate education, who is simply interested in how to check for parasites, what tests to take.
In the conditions of the laboratory, they take a special tablet with cells in which the antigen of a particular parasite is previously introduced.A small amount of blood serum is added there.Then, using the devices, photometry is performed during which specific markers are evaluated.The "classic" study includes: Giardia, Toxoplass, Trichomonas, all pathogens of helminths (Pinworms, Ascarides, Toxocars, Echinococci, Opistarchy, Trichinella).
As a result of ELISA, three types of antibodies can be distinguished:
- IgM, detection of 2.5-4 weeks infection;
- Iga, is produced from the first days of the disease and is determined until treatment;
- Iggfound for 4 weeks of the disease, the reduction of Titra occurs only 1-1.5 months after recovery.
The conclusion of the presence of a parasitic infection is made on the basis of the ratio of these antibodies.Their absence shows that there is no helminth invasion.The specificity and reliability of ELISA is about 90%.
The likelihood of false positive and false negative results is manifested in various failures in the functioning of the immune system.Therefore, when diagnosed, not only ELISA data is taken into account, but also a clinical picture.If necessary, the patient is sent for additional examinations.
Analyzes for parasites in adults and child
There are other ways to identify a helminth invasion.
The presence of such a disease can be taken through a common blood test.
They pay attention to such signs as long-term, which lasts for several months, an increase in the level of eosinophils (normal values fluctuate in 1-5%), and some types of helminth (decrease in hemoglobin concentration) is possible.
A common analysis of parasites in a child is a known scraping for all enterobiosis.
To do this, immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed and without washing, it is necessary to press the buttocks and attach a piece of tape to the anal opening and the skin around it.It is then glued to the object and for 1.5 hours is attributed to the laboratory.
But this study allows you to determine only one type of parasite.It is absolutely not suitable for identifying Lambia and other protozoa.Cale's analysis is more indical.In this case, you can find ascaris larvae and various worms, pathogens of helminthiasis, parasite in the intestine.But a negative result does not always mean a lack of illness.Therefore, various tests for parasites in a child are required for a reliable diagnosis.
Negative stool analysis may be if the worms have not yet reached the end parts of the digestive system or have already passed the distribution cycle.Some medicines can also affect data.It is therefore recommended to repeat the study in a few days.
But the most reliable analysis of parasites in adult and child is the diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction or shortened PCR.At the same time, experts determine the DNA of the pathogen in the patient's blood.It is clear that in this method of study the likelihood of false data is insignificant.The analysis will give an accurate result even in the initial stages of invasion.
Usually PCR is prescribed to confirm the diagnosis.The widespread use of this method for preventive purposes limits the high cost.In adults, evidence of parasites study are problems with immunity, the overall deterioration of well -being, the temperature of unclear etiology, coughs and other symptoms of helminthiasis.However, it is recommended that you start diagnostics with a regular faecal analysis that can be transmitted at any clinic.
Important!Treatment should only be started after parasite tests have been taken in adults and a helminth invasion has been confirmed.Taking medicines in case of suspicion of parasitic infection can cause serious complications.
Medical recommendations differ in the relatively early diagnosis of such childhood diseases.It is necessary to scrape for enterobiosis and send to the egg -reader twice a year.Such parasite tests in a child are needed before a visit to the garden and the school.And in no case should it not be forgotten about prevention, which is reduced to frequent washing of the hands, corresponding to the treatment of food and the quality of drinking water.